基础部署
yum install -y vsftpd ftp
cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #备份初始配置文件
systemctl start vsftpd
systemctl enable vsftpd 创建ftp用户并配置密码：
useradd -d /home/ftpuser1 -g ftp -s /sbin/nologin ftpuser1
passwd ftpuser1新增chroot_list文件添加用户：
vi /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
ftpuser1配置文件
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO #关闭匿名登录
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES # 在/etc/passwd内的账号才能以实体用户的方式登入ftp
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES #具有写权限
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022 #本地用户创建文件或目录的掩码
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES #当dirmessage_enable=YES时，可以设定这个项目来让vsftpd寻找该档案来显示信息
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES #当设定为YES时，使用者上传与下载日志都会被纪录 记录日志与下一个xferlog_file设定选项有关
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES #开启20端口
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES 记录日志与下一个xferlog_file设定选项有关
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES #类似下面一个注释说明，只是这个设定针对上传而言
ascii_download_enable=YES #如果设定为YES ，那么 client 就可以使用 ASCII 格式下载,一般来说，由于启动了这个设定项目可能会导致DoS 的攻击
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES #通过搭配能实现以下几种效果： 1）当chroot_list_enable=YES，chroot_local_user=YES时，在/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list文件中列出的用户，可以切换到其他目录；未在文件中列出的用户，不能切换到其他目录。 2）当chroot_list_enable=YES，chroot_local_user=NO时， 在/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list文件中列出的用户，不能切换到其他目录；未在文件中列出的用户，可以切换到其他目录。 3）当chroot_list_enable=NO， chroot_local_user=YES时，所有的用户均不能切换到其他目录。 4）当chroot_list_enable=NO， chroot_local_user=NO时，所有的用户均可以切换到其他目录。
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
allow_writeable_chroot=YES #不添加这个会报错：500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable root inside chroot()
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd #这个是pam模块的名称，我们放置在/etc/pam.d/vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES #ftpusers文件又被称为“禁止使用vsftpd的用户列表文件，当userlist_enable为NO时，ftpusers文件中的用户将禁止访问FTP服务器
tcp_wrappers=YES 出现530 Login incorrect
tail -f /var/log/secure #查看错误信息修改/etc/pam.d/vsftpd文件，注释掉auth required pam_shells.so